Trinity and Beyond
- NOT RATED
- Year:
- 1995
- 92 min
- 552 Views
Trinity, instead of exploding
first nuclear bomb in the world
July 16, 1945.
Alamogordo, New Mexico, USA,
May 1945
May, 1945.
The hot desert of New Mexico
seems far from the ravages of
the war in Europe.
100 tons of dynamite.
A test...
to measure and calibrate
the power of a nuclear weapon ever tested.
Two months later...
Man releases the destructive power
a demon imprisoned
into the very fabric of matter,
and plunge the world
in the atomic age.
Over the next 20 years,
power tests
nuclear bombs
will maintain the fascination of the world
for these events surrounded by secrecy.
VENTS launched
seven years earlier.
TRUBULENCES IN EUROPE!
Hitler invaded Austria!
March 13, 1938.
Hitler invaded Austria.
3rd Reich begins to deploy
its military power.
Later that year,
German scientists
discover fission
of the uranium nucleus
What brings the 3rd Reich
a step
the discovery of the secret
of the atomic bomb.
FEAR!
Fear of German research
stimulates activities to
United States and England.
The fear that German scientists
could produce weapons
high destructive power.
In autumn 1939,
Dr. Albert Einstein
wrote his famous letter
President Roosevelt,
explaining the urgency of working
in the fission of uranium.
Roosevelt, a man of action,
responded quickly,
and creates an advisory committee
of uranium.
GERMANY INVADES POLAND!
German forces invaded Poland
dragging European nations
ING DISTRICT NIEURIE
OF MANHATTAN:
A new branch of the Corps of Engineers
was created to oversee the work
on military use of uranium.
Major General L.R. Growe,
the man in charge of the Pentagon,
was appointed head
project.
December 2, 1942, the first reactor
Autonomous chain reaction
has been successfully exploited by Enrico Fermi.
The success of Fermi generates
great efforts
the government
and the private sector,
leading to the creation of huge factories,
for the separation of uranium
in the town of Oakridge, Tennessee,
and for the production of plutonium
Hanford, Washington
on the banks
Columbia River.
Through this effort was forged great
the necessary hardware
The first atomic bomb
was built at Los Alamos,
a secret laboratory
New Mexico
When Dr. Oppenheimer J.R.
arrived to take command
he surrounded himself with an incredible range
stars of the scientific world.
Los Alamos was born on design
the bomb and resolution
many theoretical problems.
Many questions remain unanswered, however.
What are the secrets of this new
form of power and destruction?
Knowledge and Information
all aspects of this new weapon
are essential,
and can not be discovered that
by further testing.
I had a good friend, a Hungarian
10 years older than me, Leo Szilard.
He had a very independent-minded
and a large capacity
foreshadow what would happen.
He saw the years ahead
the importance that the explosives
Nuclear would take.
He was a friend of mine, and I helped him.
For example, I took it to
an important interview with Einstein
famous letter to Roosevelt.
The letter that started it all.
I myself was interested in
Theoretical Physics
atoms, molecular vibrations,
and knowledge of molarity.
I did not want to do.
But then...
Hitler had not only swallowed
half of Poland,
he had also invaded the West.
Two days later, there was
an invitation to a Pan-American Congress
in which Roosevelt, that I had never
seen before, was to speak.
He made a memorable speech,
about how the world is
really in danger because of Hitler.
He said in part, to the point
highlight of the speech:
"You scientists, will be blamed
for the arms to be used"
but I tell you,
"if you do not work on these weapons,
world freedom will be lost."
You know, I felt
Roosevelt spoke to me.
I was there when
The letter was signed
one that stirred up the interest
in nuclear power
He was convinced that
was nuclear
Of the 2,000 scientists who were there,
I felt it spoke to me.
Of course it was not that...
But for this speech
twenty minutes
I made my decision.
I continued to prefer
work in science 'pure',
but this must be done.
Since this must be done
and that I could contribute,
I did,
and I have never regretted
to have done.
The uranium bomb,
called "Little Boy"
had a simple design.
And scientists were convinced
fonctionnerai it without testing.
"Fat Man", or the implosion bomb,
was a more efficient design
which used plutonium
rather than uranium.
In the center of the bomb,
there was a detonator
surrounded by a sphere of plutonium.
This sphere was encapsulated
explosive placed symmetrically,
creating an implosion
compressing the sphere of plutonium
on itself until it
reaches critical mass.
The explosion brought immediately
temperature to 10 million degrees,
releasing a force of one half
million pounds of pressure
vaporizing the tower and all
desert living within 800m.
The intensity of the light
was sufficient
to cause temporary blindness
an observer at 16 km distance.
With a score of 200 times more potent
the test with 100 tons of TNT,
the fireball created a crater
about 800 m in diameter.
green crystals in which
always contain traces of radioactivity
50 years later.
May 8, 1945,
Germany surrendered to Allied forces,
This puts an end to the war in Europe.
intelligence sources as
command of General Groves concluded
that Germany had not developed
the atomic bomb.
However, the war continued
in the Pacific...
Pearl Harbor forced the entry
For three years, gaining ground
after each small victory,
our forces conducted
offensive
against the Empire
the Rising Sun.
Gradually, island by island,
mile after mile,
and raids with more pressing,
sea and air, we
reached the border of the empire.
forcing them to retreat
until the end of 1945,
only the ramparts of the islands
Japanese remain to be destroyed.
the coming campaign
most important of all:
the invasion of Japanese territory,
and face a desperate struggle.
fanatical enemy will not abandon
not until the last fighter
has not been removed from its
trench and killed.
As experience has shown
repeatedly.
has 2500 Km of Japan
Operating Base for
the mission of the 509th Squadron
on Hiroshima and Nagasaki atomic
VICTORY!
Japan surrenders
The uranium bomb,
called "Little Boy"
exploded over Hiroshima
at an altitude of 250 meters.
The altitude to achieve
maximum blast.
Three days later,
the implosion bomb "Fat Man"
exploded over Nagasaki.
In Hiroshima 70,000 people
were killed or missing.
On its 90,000 buildings,
more than 60,000 were demolished.
Nagasaki took the lives of 42,000 people,
and injured 40,000 others.
It destroyed 39% of
buildings in the city.
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