National Geographic: Cyclone! Page #2
- Year:
- 1995
- 395 Views
in people's pockets,
and cooked potatoes in the ground.
In truth, they make airborne
missiles of everyday objects.
Some have deposited heirlooms
forty miles from home.
chickens?
No. Blame that on sheer fright.
They inspire no less terror
in people.
April 3rd and 4th, 1974.
In the largest outbreak on record,
March 18th, 1925.
The deadliest tornado in history
leaves the longest path.
Until the 1950's, accurate tornado
Then a frame-by-frame analysis of
this footage clocks flying debris
at 170 miles an hour.
forward in 1953
when Dr. Ted Fujita leaves Japan
for the American Midwest.
Main reason why we are here
is to find out what tornado did.
And in case of future tornadoes
That's the kind of thing
we want to find out.
Four decades of research will earn
him the title "Mr. Tornado."
up there.
At disaster sites, Fujita proves
there's much to be learned without
braving a twister directly.
He likens tornadoes to criminals
behind.
Ground markings are clues
to a twister's inner structure
and dynamics.
To test his theories,
at the University of Chicago.
He discovers that
most strong tornadoes
are actually several small twisters
rotating around the center
of a larger one.
These mini-tornadoes can lay
waste to one house,
yet leave its neighbor unscathed.
Fujita's ideas have been amply
confirmed in Nature,
and remain a cornerstone of
tornado science.
Although they occur
around the world,
three out of four tornadoes streak
the skies over the United States.
They favor the springtime, and the
warm hours between noon and sunset.
We say a tornado "touches down".
near the ground
and carries it upward in a spiral.
Most range from 150 to 1200 feet
in width,
and travel over land at about
a tube of condensed water vapor
that takes on the color of dust
and debris.
In North America, most tornadoes
rotate counterclockwise.
Perhaps one in a thousand spins
in the opposite direction.
Twisters appear in many guises.
They can bring to mind
the snapping of a bullwhip...
or the delicate dance of ghosts.
A single storm can spawn several
distinct funnels
"family."
For all their fury,
most tornadoes are short-lived.
Many last only minutes.
To the scientists who would study
them, they are elusive prey.
How to penetrate the twister's
secrets?
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